#Tenses & Aspect (시제)
19 Korean grammar points related to "Tenses & Aspect (시제)", ordered by textbook level.
Beginner 1 (초급 1)Beginner 1 Grammar (초급 1)(3)
- V/A + -았/었-V/A + -at/eot-V/A + -았/었- – Past Tense MarkerPast tense suffix indicating completed actions or past states
- V + -겠-V + -get-V + -겠- – Will (Speaker's Intention & Polite Expressions)Will / shall (expresses the first-person speaker's intention or polite fixed phrases)
- V/A + -(으)ㄹ 거예요V/A + -(eu)l geoyeyoV/A + -(으)ㄹ 거예요 – Will / Probably (Future Tense & Conjecture)Will / going to (future plan); probably (conjecture)
Beginner 2 (초급 2)Beginner 2 Grammar (초급 2)(5)
- V + -(으)ㄴ + NV + -(eu)n + NV + -(으)ㄴ + N – Past Verb Noun ModifierThe N that (someone) did V (past relative clause)
- V + -(으)ㄹ + NV + -(eu)l + NV + -(으)ㄹ + N – Future / Prospective Verb Noun ModifierThe N to do V / the N that will do V
- V/A + -겠- (Phỏng đoán)V/A + -get- (conjecture)V/A + -겠- (Conjecture) – Must be / Looks like / ProbablyMust be / would be / probably (conjecture based on observation)
- V + -고 있다V + -go itdaV + -고 있다 – Be V-ing (Progressive Aspect)Be in the middle of doing V / be wearing
- V + -(으)ㄴ 적이 있다/없다V + -(eu)n jeogi itda/eopdaV + -(으)ㄴ 적이 있다/없다 – Have / Have never done V (Past Experience)Have / have never experienced doing V
Intermediate 3 (중급 3)Intermediate 3 Grammar (중급 3)(5)
- V + -(으)ㄹ 생각/계획/예정이다V + -(eu)l saenggak/gyehoek/yejeongidaV + -(으)ㄹ 생각/계획/예정이다 – Plan / Intend / Be Scheduled to doThink of doing; plan to; be scheduled to
- V/A + -(으)ㄴ/는/(으)ㄹ 것 같다V/A + -(eu)n/neun/(eu)l geot gatdaV/A + -(으)ㄴ/는/(으)ㄹ 것 같다 – It Seems / I Think That (Conjecture)It seems that; I think that; it looks like
- N + 중 / V + -는 중이다N + jung / V + -neun jungidaN + 중 / V + -는 중이다 – Be in the Middle of DoingBe in the middle of; be currently doing
- V + -아/어 가다V + -a/eo gadaV + -아/어 가다 – Keep Going On / Be Almost DoneContinue to progress toward completion; be almost finished
- V + -아/어 오다V + -a/eo odaV + -아/어 오다 – Have Been Doing (From Past to Present)Have been doing continuously from the past until now
Intermediate 4 (중급 4)Intermediate 4 Grammar (중급 4)(6)
- V/A + -던 + NV/A + -deon + NV/A + -던 + N – Retrospective Noun Modifier (Habitual / Incomplete Past)N that one used to do; N that was being done (unfinished)
- V/A + -았/었던 + NV/A + -at/eotdeon + NV/A + -았/었던 + N – Completed Past Retrospective ModifierN that had been / N that one once did (completed in the past)
- V + -아/어 놓다V + -a/eo notaV + -아/어 놓다 – Do in Advance & Keep the Resulting StateDo something beforehand and leave it in that state
- V + -아/어 두다V + -a/eo dudaV + -아/어 두다 – Do & Keep in Preparation for LaterDo beforehand and keep for future use
- V + -(으)ㄹ 뻔하다V + -(eu)l ppeonhadaV + -(으)ㄹ 뻔하다 – Almost Did / Nearly HappenedAlmost did; nearly happened; came close to doing
- V + -아/어 있다V + -a/eo itdaV + -아/어 있다 – Be in a Resulting State (Intransitive/Passive State)Remain in the state of having done (sitting, standing, open, closed...)
All topics
- Connective Endings (연결 어미)
- Modality & Intention
- Particles (조사)
- Time & Sequence
- Conditionals & Supposition
- Cause & Reason
- Polite Sentence Endings
- Comparison (비교)
- Basic Sentence Patterns
- Purpose & Plans
- Negation (부정 표현)
- Questions & Interrogatives
- Verb/Adjective Conjugation
- Noun Modifiers (관형사형)
- Change of State
- Experience & Trial
- Requests & Commands
- Suggestions & Invitations
- Ability & Possibility
- Location & Place
- Irregular Conjugation (불규칙)
- Honorifics (높임말)
- Obligation & Necessity
- Numbers & Ordinals
- Movement & Direction
- Desire & Wishes
- Nominalization (명사형)
- Demonstrative Pronouns
- Counters (단위 명사)
- Existence & Possession
