#Polite Sentence Endings
26 Korean grammar points related to "Polite Sentence Endings", ordered by textbook level.
Beginner 1 (초급 1)Beginner 1 Grammar (초급 1)(10)
- N + 입니다N + imnidaN + 입니다 – To be N (Formal Polite Declarative)Is / am / are N
- N + 입니까?N + imnikka?N + 입니까? – Is it N? (Formal Polite Interrogative)Is it N? / Are you N?
- V/A + -ㅂ/습니다V/A + -p/seumnidaV/A + -ㅂ/습니다 – Formal Polite Declarative EndingFormal polite declarative sentence ending for verbs and adjectives
- V/A + -ㅂ/습니까?V/A + -p/seumnikka?V/A + -ㅂ/습니까? – Formal Polite Interrogative EndingFormal polite question ending for verbs and adjectives
- V/A + -아/어요 (N + 이에요/예요)V/A + -a/eoyoV/A + -아/어요 & N + 이에요/예요 – Informal Polite Sentence EndingThe most common polite sentence ending for everyday conversation
- V + -(으)ㅂ시다V + -(eu)psidaV + -(으)ㅂ시다 – Let's… (Formal Polite Propositive Ending)Let's do… together!
- V + -(으)세요V + -(eu)seyoV + -(으)세요 – Please do V (Polite Imperative & Request)Please do… (polite request or command)
- V + -(으)ㄹ래요V + -(eu)llaeyoV + -(으)ㄹ래요 – I'll / Would you like to… (Informal Intention)I want to / I'll do (statement); Would you like to do? (question)
- V/A + -(으)시-V/A + -(eu)si-V/A + -(으)시- – Subject Honorific SuffixHonors the subject performing the action or holding the state
- V + -(으)ㄹ까요?V + -(eu)lkkayo?V + -(으)ㄹ까요? – Shall we… / Shall I…? (Suggestion & Question)Shall we do…? / Shall I do…?
Beginner 2 (초급 2)Beginner 2 Grammar (초급 2)(6)
- V + -지 말다 (-지 마세요)V + -ji malda (-ji maseyo)V + -지 말다 (-지 마세요 / -지 맙시다) – Do not / Let's not do VPlease do not do… / Let's not do…
- V/A + -지요? (-죠?)V/A + -jiyo? (-jyo?)V/A + -지요? (-죠?) – Isn't it? / Right? (Confirmation Tag Question)…right? / …isn't it? (seeking confirmation or agreement)
- V + -(으)ㄹ게요V + -(eu)lgeyoV + -(으)ㄹ게요 – I will do V (Promise & Immediate Volition)I'll do… (expressing a promise or willingness to the listener)
- V/A + -네요V/A + -neyoV/A + -네요 – Oh, it is…! (Exclamatory Polite Ending)Expresses mild surprise or realization about something just observed
- N / Tiểu từ / Liên từ + 요N / Particle + yoN / Particle / Connective + 요 – Polite Marker for Elliptical SentencesAdds politeness to short answers, nouns, particles, or unfinished clauses
- V/A + -(으)ㄴ/는데요V/A + -(eu)n/neundeyoV/A + -(으)ㄴ/는데요 – Soft Exclamation, Polite Refusal, or Leaving Room for ResponseSoft polite sentence ending expressing surprise, disagreement, or inviting the listener's response
Intermediate 3 (중급 3)Intermediate 3 Grammar (중급 3)(6)
- V + -나요? / A + -(으)ㄴ가요?V + -nayo? / A + -(eu)ngayo?V + -나요? / A + -(으)ㄴ가요? – Soft & Polite Question EndingDo you...? / Is it...? (Soft polite question)
- V + -는군요 / A + -군요V + -neungunyo / A + -gunyoV + -는군요 / A + -군요 (-구나) – I See That...! / How...! (Exclamation)I see that...!; Oh, so...!; How...!
- V + -기를 바라다 (-기 바랍니다)V + -gireul barada (-gi baramnida)V + -기를 바라다 (-기 바랍니다) – Hope / Wish / Request ThatHope that; wish you; please (in announcements)
- V + -ㄴ/는다고 하다, A + -다고 하다, N + (이)라고 하다V + -n/neundago hada, A + -dago hadaV + -ㄴ/는다고 하다 / A + -다고 하다 – Indirect Quotation (Statements)Say that; tell that; I heard that
- V/A + -거든(요)V/A + -geodeun(yo)V/A + -거든(요) – Because / You See... (Conversational Reason)Because, you see (sentence-final); if (mid-sentence conditional)
- V/A + -던데요 (-던데)V/A + -deondeyo (-deonde)V/A + -던데요 (-던데) – I Noticed That... (Retrospective Observation)I noticed/saw that...; when I saw it, it was...
Intermediate 4 (중급 4)Intermediate 4 Grammar (중급 4)(4)
- -다고요? / -(으)냐고요? / -자고요? / -(으)라고요?-dagoyo? / -(eu)nyagoyo? / -jagoyo? / -(eu)ragoyo?-다고요? / -(으)냐고요? – Echo Questions & Re-emphasis ('You said...? / I said...!')Did you say that...?; I told you that...!
- V/A + -잖아요V/A + -janayoV/A + -잖아요 – As You Know / Didn't I Tell You That...?As you know; after all; you know that...
- V + -ㄴ/는대요, A + -대요, N + (이)래요V + -n/neundaeyo, A + -daeyo, N + (i)raeyoV + -ㄴ/는대요 / A + -대요 / N + (이)래요 – They Say That... (Contracted Indirect Statement)I heard that...; they say that...
- V/A + -더라고요V/A + -deoragoyoV/A + -더라고요 – I Found / Saw That... (Firsthand Retrospective)I saw/experienced that...; I found out firsthand that...
All topics
- Connective Endings (연결 어미)
- Modality & Intention
- Particles (조사)
- Time & Sequence
- Conditionals & Supposition
- Cause & Reason
- Comparison (비교)
- Basic Sentence Patterns
- Tenses & Aspect (시제)
- Purpose & Plans
- Negation (부정 표현)
- Questions & Interrogatives
- Verb/Adjective Conjugation
- Noun Modifiers (관형사형)
- Change of State
- Experience & Trial
- Requests & Commands
- Suggestions & Invitations
- Ability & Possibility
- Location & Place
- Irregular Conjugation (불규칙)
- Honorifics (높임말)
- Obligation & Necessity
- Numbers & Ordinals
- Movement & Direction
- Desire & Wishes
- Nominalization (명사형)
- Demonstrative Pronouns
- Counters (단위 명사)
- Existence & Possession
