V/A + -았/었- – Past Tense Marker

Conjugation & Pattern

• 1) Stem vowel ㅏ, ㅗ + -았어요 / -았습니다 (가다 -> 갔어요, 보다 -> 봤어요)
• 2) Other stem vowels + -었어요 / -었습니다 (먹다 -> 먹었어요, 마시다 -> 마셨어요)
• 3) 하다 verbs/adjectives -> 했어요 / 했습니다 (공부하다 -> 공부했어요)
• 4) Nouns: with patchim + 이었어요 / without patchim + 였어요

Detailed Usage

Attached to verb/adjective stems or nouns to express actions or states that took place in the past.

Example Sentences

1. 1

   어제 친구와 같이 영화를 봤어요.

   Eoje chinguwa gati yeonghwareul bwasseoyo.

   Yesterday I watched a movie with my friend.

2. 2

   주말에 집에서 쉬었어요.

   Jumare jibeseo swieosseoyo.

   I rested at home over the weekend.

3. 3

   지난주에 한국어 시험을 봤습니다.

   Jinanjue hangugeo siheomeul bwatseumnida.

   I took a Korean exam last week.