N + -은/는 고사하고, V + -기는 고사하고 (Let alone ..., not to mention ...)
Meaning: Setting aside ..., let alone ... (leaves aside the higher standard in the first part and states that even the basic standard in the second is unattainable).
Conjugation & Pattern
- Noun with batchim + -은 고사하고 | No batchim + -는 고사하고
- Verb stem (V) + -기는 고사하고
- Main clause must be negative or express a bare minimum
Detailed Usage
Literally 'setting aside (姑捨)'. Synonymous with '-은/는커녕': dismisses the first item because even the lesser item in the second clause cannot be achieved.
Example Sentences
- 1
해외여행은 고사하고 국내에서도 아직 못 가 본 데가 많다.
Haeoeyeohaengeun gosahago gungnaeeseodo ajik mot ga bon dega manda.
Let alone overseas travel, there are still many places even within the country that I haven't visited.
- 2
된장찌개는 고사하고 라면도 제대로 못 끓여요.
Doenjangjjigaeneun gosahago ramyeondo jedaero mot kkeulyeoyo.
Let alone soybean paste stew, I can't even cook instant noodles properly.
- 3
아파서 밥을 먹기는 고사하고 물도 한 모금 못 마셨어요.
Apaseo babeul meokgineun gosahago muldo han mogeum mot masyeosseoyo.
Because I was sick, let alone eating a meal, I couldn't even drink a sip of water.
Important Notes
Used only in negative/minimal contexts; never use for positive cumulative statements (use -은/는 물론이고 instead).
