V/A + -(으)며 – And / While Simultaneously (Formal Connective)
Meaning: And (formal listing); while doing simultaneously
Conjugation & Pattern
- V/A stem without batchim or ending in ㄹ: + -며 (가다 -> 가며, 살다 -> 살며)
- V/A stem with batchim (except ㄹ): + -으며 (먹다 -> 먹으며, 좋다 -> 좋으며)
- Past: V/A + -았/었으며 | Noun: N + (이)며
Detailed Usage
Has two main uses: (1) Listing parallel facts or characteristics like '-고', but in a more formal, written register (news, essays, presentations); (2) Expressing simultaneous actions like '-(으)면서' ('while doing...').
Example Sentences
- 1
그 사람은 피아노도 잘 치고 기타도 잘 치며 노래도 아주 잘 부릅니다.
Geu sarameun pianodo jal chigo gitado jal chimyeo noraedo aju jal bureumnida.
That person plays the piano well, plays the guitar well, and also sings very well.
- 2
아이들이 아름다운 그림을 그리며 즐겁게 노래를 불렀어요.
Aideuri areumdaun geurimeul geurimyeo jeulgeopge noraereul bulleosseoyo.
The children sang joyfully while drawing beautiful pictures.
- 3
소비자들이 주로 어떤 제품을 구입했으며 언제 구입했는지 조사할 필요가 있습니다.
Sobijadeuri juro eotteon jepumeul guiphaesseumyeo eonje guiphaenneunji josahal piryoga itseumnida.
It is necessary to investigate which products consumers mainly purchased and when they purchased them.
Important Notes
When listing parallel clauses like '-고', the subjects can differ and past tense '-았/었으며' can be used. When expressing simultaneous actions like '-(으)면서', the subjects must be identical.
