N + -(으)로 말미암아 (Owing to, as a consequence of - formal)
Meaning: Owing to, because of, resulting from (formal literary expression stating the root cause of a major outcome).
Conjugation & Pattern
- Noun with batchim (except ㄹ) + -으로 말미암아
- Noun without batchim or ending in ㄹ + -로 말미암아
- Pre-nominal modifier: N + -(으)로 말미암은 + N2
Detailed Usage
Equivalent to '-(으)로 인해(서)' but even more literary and formal. Typically used for macro-level causes such as environmental destruction, war, or medical side effects.
Example Sentences
- 1
오존층 파괴로 말미암아 피부암 환자가 증가하고 있다.
Ojoncheung pagoero malmiama pibuam hwanjaga jeunggahago itda.
Owing to the destruction of the ozone layer, skin cancer patients are increasing.
- 2
그 약의 부작용으로 말미암아 많은 환자들이 고통을 겪고 있다.
Geu yagui bujagyongeuro malmiama maneun hwanjadeuri gotongeul gyeokgo itda.
Because of the side effects of that medicine, many patients are suffering pain.
- 3
전쟁으로 말미암은 피해는 쉽게 복구되지 않았다.
Jeonjaengeuro malmiameun pihaeneun swipge bokgudoeji anatda.
The damage resulting from the war was not easily recovered.
Important Notes
Derived from the verb '말미암다' (to stem from), with adnominal form '-(으)로 말미암은'.
